خاندان
Lesson 03 Beginner

Family &
Relatives

Urdu has one of the most detailed family vocabularies in the world. There is a separate word for almost every relative. This lesson starts with the ones you will use most.

Immediate family Grandparents Aunts & uncles My family phrases

Immediate Family

The close ones

Start here. These are the words you will use in almost every conversation about your life.

ماں maa'n mother

Also called امی (ammi) at home, which is warmer and more affectionate. Ammi is what most Pakistani children actually say.

باپ baap father

The everyday word, though ابو (abbu) is the affectionate version used at home. والد (walid) is the formal/written form.

بھائی bhai brother

Also used as a respectful address to any man, similar to "mate" or "bro" in English. Very common in everyday speech.

بہن behan sister

Similarly, بہن (behan) is used to address women respectfully as well, especially in service or public settings.

بیٹا bayta son

Elders also use بیٹا (bayta) to address a young man warmly, the way an older person might say "son" in English.

بیٹی bayti daughter

Notice how بیٹی (bayti) is the feminine of بیٹا (bayta). Changing the final a to i is one way Urdu forms the feminine.

شوہر shohar husband

The standard word for husband. میرے شوہر (meray shohar) = my husband.

بیوی biwi wife

The standard word for wife. میری بیوی (meri biwi) = my wife.

بچہ bachcha child / baby

بچے (bachchay) is the plural. میرے بچے (meray bachchay) = my children.

خاندان khaandaan family

Refers to the extended family as a whole. میرا خاندان (mera khaandaan) = my family. A central concept in Pakistani culture.

Grandparents

Daada, Daadi, Naana, Naani

Urdu has separate words for paternal and maternal grandparents. This is one of the first signs of how precise Urdu family vocabulary is.

Father's side (paternal)
Mother's side (maternal)
دادا daada paternal grandfather
نانا naana maternal grandfather
دادی daadi paternal grandmother
نانی naani maternal grandmother

Aunts & Uncles

Six words where English has two

English uses "aunt" and "uncle" for everyone. Urdu has a different word depending on which side of the family and sometimes even whether they are older or younger than your parent.

Father's side (paternal)
Mother's side (maternal)
چاچا chacha father's younger brother
ماموں maamoo'n mother's brother
چاچی chachi chacha's wife
ممانی mamaani maamoo'n's wife
پھوپھی phoophi father's sister
خالہ khaala mother's sister
تایا taaya father's older brother
خالو khaalu khaala's husband

Saying "My"

Mera, meri, meray

Before you can talk about your family, you need to know how to say "my." In Urdu, the word for "my" changes depending on the noun it describes.

The three forms of "my"

میرا mera with masculine nouns
میری meri with feminine nouns
میرے meray with plural or oblique
my father mera baap میرا باپ
my mother meri maa'n میری ماں
my brother mera bhai میرا بھائی
my sister meri behan میری بہن
my children meray bachchay میرے بچے
my family mera khaandaan میرا خاندان

Useful Phrases

Talking about your family

A few phrases that will come up constantly, especially when meeting Pakistani families for the first time.

Question آپ کے کتنے بھائی بہن ہیں؟ Aap kay kitnay bhai behan hain? How many siblings do you have?

آپ کے (aap kay) = your (formal), کتنے (kitnay) = how many, ہیں (hain) = are. A very common opening question when getting to know someone.

Answer میرے دو بھائی اور ایک بہن ہے Meray do bhai aur aik behan hay I have two brothers and one sister

Swap in the numbers from Lesson 02. میرے (meray) = my (plural), اور (aur) = and, ہے (hay) = is/there is. The verb ہے (hay) works for both singular and plural here in casual speech.

Introduction یہ میری ماں ہیں Yeh meri maa'n hain This is my mother

یہ (yeh) = this. When introducing a person you respect, use ہیں (hain) instead of ہے (hay) as a sign of politeness, even for one person.

About family میرا خاندان پاکستان میں ہے Mera khaandaan Pakistan mein hay My family is in Pakistan

میں (mein) here means "in" (not "I"). پاکستان میں (Pakistan mein) = in Pakistan. Swap for any country or city.

Question کیا آپ کے بچے ہیں؟ Kya aap kay bachchay hain? Do you have children?

کیا (kya) at the start of a sentence turns it into a yes/no question. It works like a question mark spoken aloud.

Responses جی ہاں، میرے تین بچے ہیں Ji haan, meray teen bachchay hain Yes, I have three children

جی ہاں (ji haan) = yes (polite). جی نہیں (ji nahin) = no (polite). جی (ji) softens the yes or no, making it more respectful.

Quick Reference

All family words at a glance

Use this to drill the full set. Focus on the paternal and maternal distinctions — that is what makes Urdu different.

English Romanisation Urdu
Immediate family
Mothermaa'n / ammiماں / امی
Fatherbaap / abbuباپ / ابو
Brotherbhaiبھائی
Sisterbehanبہن
Sonbaytaبیٹا
Daughterbaytiبیٹی
Husbandshoharشوہر
Wifebiwiبیوی
Child / Babybachchaبچہ
Familykhaandaanخاندان
Grandparents
Paternal grandfatherdaadaدادا
Paternal grandmotherdaadiدادی
Maternal grandfathernaanaنانا
Maternal grandmothernaaniنانی
Father's side
Father's younger brotherchachaچاچا
Chacha's wifechachiچاچی
Father's older brothertaayaتایا
Father's sisterphoophiپھوپھی
Mother's side
Mother's brothermaamoo'nماموں
Maamoo'n's wifemamaaniممانی
Mother's sisterkhaalaخالہ
Khaala's husbandkhaaluخالو
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Why Urdu has so many family words

In Pakistani culture, family relationships are described with great precision because they carry different social expectations. You treat your داد (daada, paternal grandfather) and نانا (naana, maternal grandfather) differently in some families. Your چاچا (chacha, father's younger brother) has a different role in your life from your ماموں (maamoo'n, mother's brother). The language reflects those distinctions.

If you are learning Urdu to connect with a Pakistani family, getting these words right will mean a great deal. Using داد (daada) for the paternal grandfather and نانا (naana) for the maternal one shows you understand the family structure, not just the language. It is one of those small details that makes a big impression.

Practice

Try it yourself

Think through each situation, say the answer out loud, then check.

What would you say?

Picture the situation and respond in Urdu.

1
You are introducing your mother to someone.
She is standing next to you. How do you say "this is my mother"?
یہ میری ماں ہیں Yeh meri maa'n hain
2
Someone asks how many siblings you have.
You have one brother and two sisters. How do you reply?
میرا ایک بھائی اور دو بہنیں ہیں Mera aik bhai aur do behanain hain
3
Your partner's mum asks if you have children.
You do not. Answer politely in Urdu.
جی نہیں، میرے بچے نہیں ہیں Ji nahin, meray bachchay nahin hain
4
You meet your friend's mother's brother at an Eid gathering.
What is the correct Urdu word for who he is?
ماموں (maamoo'n) — mother's brother. Not چاچا (chacha), which is the father's brother.
🎮 Practise this lesson with games 6 fun games to lock in these words — quiz, match-up, memory, flashcards, type-it & scramble. Play →

Family conversations take real practice.

Knowing the words is just the start. Being able to talk about your family, naturally, in the middle of a gathering, is a different thing. Book a free call and practise exactly that.