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Lesson 07Beginner

Common Verbs
& simple sentences

Verbs are the engine of every sentence. Learn the ten most useful everyday verbs and how to say what you do, with the simple present tense.

10 core verbs Present tense Real sentences

Core Verbs

The dictionary form

Urdu verbs in their base form end in نا (-na), just like "to ___" in English. This is how you will find them in a dictionary.

🚶جاناjaanato go
🙋آناaanato come
🍽️کھاناkhaanato eat
🥤پیناpeenato drink
کرناkarnato do / make
👀دیکھناdekhnato see / watch
💬بولناbolnato speak
❤️چاہناchaahnato want
😴سوناsonato sleep
🪑بیٹھناbaithnato sit

Simple Present

Saying what you do

To say "I do" something, take the verb stem and add taa / ti, then hoo'n. A man says taa, a woman says ti. This pattern unlocks dozens of sentences.

I speak Urdu — main Urdu boltaa / bolti hoo'n

بولتا ہوںboltaa hoo'nI speak (man)
بولتی ہوںbolti hoo'nI speak (woman)
بولتے ہیںboltay hainthey/you speak
I eat (man)main khaataa hoo'nمیں کھاتا ہوں
I go (woman)main jaati hoo'nمیں جاتی ہوں
I drink tea (man)main chai peetaa hoo'nمیں چائے پیتا ہوں
I want watermujhe paani chahiyeمجھے پانی چاہیے

The pattern: verb stem + taa (man) or ti (woman) + hoo'n. So بولنا (bolna) drops the -na and becomes boltaa / bolti.

Useful Sentences

Verbs in action

Here are some of the most common ways you will hear these verbs used day to day.

Going میں گھر جا رہا ہوں Main ghar jaa raha hoo'n I am going home (man)

گھر (ghar) = home, جا رہا ہوں (jaa raha hoo'n) = am going. A woman says جا رہی ہوں (jaa rahi hoo'n).

Inviting یہاں آئیں Yahaa'n aayein Come here (polite)

یہاں (yahaa'n) = here, آئیں (aayein) = come (polite). A warm, common way to call someone over.

Asking آپ کیا کر رہے ہیں؟ Aap kya kar rahay hain? What are you doing?

کر رہے ہیں (kar rahay hain) = are doing. One of the most useful conversational questions there is.

Wanting میں چائے پینا چاہتا ہوں Main chai peena chahtaa hoo'n I want to drink tea (man)

Two verbs together: پینا (peena, to drink) + چاہتا ہوں (chahtaa hoo'n, I want). A woman says چاہتی ہوں (chahti hoo'n).

Quick Reference

All verbs at a glance

Drill the base forms here.

EnglishRomanisationUrdu
To gojaanaجانا
To comeaanaآنا
To eatkhaanaکھانا
To drinkpeenaپینا
To do / makekarnaکرنا
To see / watchdekhnaدیکھنا
To speakbolnaبولنا
To wantchaahnaچاہنا
To sleepsonaسونا
To sitbaithnaبیٹھنا
💡

The gender of the speaker matters

One feature that surprises new learners: in Urdu, the verb changes depending on whether the speaker is a man or a woman. A man says میں جاتا ہوں (main jaataa hoo'n) and a woman says میں جاتی ہوں (main jaati hoo'n), both meaning "I go." This is not about who you are talking to, but about who is speaking.

Do not let this worry you. Native speakers will always understand you even if you slip. With a little practice, choosing taa or ti becomes automatic.

Practice

Try it yourself

Say each answer out loud, then check. Use the form that matches you.

What would you say?

Picture the situation and respond in Urdu.

1
You want to say "I speak Urdu."
Use the form that matches you (man or woman).
میں اردو بولتا / بولتی ہوںMain Urdu boltaa / bolti hoo'n
2
You want to call a friend over to you.
Say "come here" politely.
یہاں آئیںYahaa'n aayein
3
You want to ask someone what they are doing.
What do you say?
آپ کیا کر رہے ہیں؟Aap kya kar rahay hain?
4
You want to say "I am going home."
Use the form that matches you.
میں گھر جا رہا / رہی ہوںMain ghar jaa raha / rahi hoo'n
🎮 Practise this lesson with games 6 fun games to lock in these words — quiz, match-up, memory, flashcards, type-it & scramble. Play →

Verbs are where Urdu clicks.

Once verbs feel natural, you can build your own sentences instead of memorising phrases. A teacher can drill the taa and ti forms with you until they are second nature. Book a free call.